Improvement in laying concrete pavement



I. w. KRAUSE & H. w. KRAUSE, Jr

Laying Concrete Pavements.

PatentedApril22,l873.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN W. KRAUSE AND HENRY W. KRAUSE, JR, OF PHILADELPHIA, PA.

lMPROVEMEN'l' IN LAYING CONCRETE PAVEMENT.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent N0. l38,030, dated April 22, 1873; application filed March 18, 1873. t p

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JOHN KRAUSE' and HENRY WM. KRAUSE, J r., both of the city and we do hereby declare the following to be a clear and exact description of the nature thereof, sufiicient to enable others skilled in the art to which our invention appertains to fully understand, make, and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawing making part of this specification, in which- Figures 1 and 2 are top views, as illustrative of our invention, Fig. Sis a side or end view.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.

This invention relates to a mode of laying artificial pavements; and consists in covering the entire space to be occupied by the pavement with a single solid mass of concrete or cement, and then leveling the same to form what might be called the first pavement, after which cutting the entire mass into a series of pieces, which constitute blocks which have compressed sides, and are separate and distinct from each other with interstices between them, thus completing the pavement,

which will be found to be firmly and reliably laid in a simple and cheap manner, and provision is made for the expansion of the blocks; also for preventing or lessening the usual angular upheaving of the pavement due to frost, and permitting at any time the removal of one or all of the blocks; the operation being easy and without destruction of any of the blocks.

In carrying out our invention we take a mass of concrete or cement and spread it over the space of the sidewalk, cellar, floor, or other place designed to be paved, and carefully level the same as it is applied, or after it is entirely laid, the result being a flat and even and unbroken mass, A, occupying the entire space to be paved, and completing the first manipulation according to our invention. The style or design of the blocks having been determined upon, it is marked out, and a cleaver, B, driven vertically into the massat the lines ,or marks, so as to be forced entirely through from top to bottom, and thereby separatethe mass at the points occupied by the cleaver. The cleaver or tool is then removed, and again driven into the mass, so as to continuethe operation of separating the mass along the lines laid out or mapped, whether in right-angular, octagonal, or other forms, and so continuing until the whole pavement has been thus cut or separated, the result being a series of pieces of concrete or cement which constitute blocks Ohaving compressed sides D, and which are separate and distinct from each other with interstices between them, and then by filling the interstices with loose sand or similar substance the pavement is complete.

It will be seen that although the blocks are not in contact with each other they remain firmly in place, and with the filled interstices form a solid and compact pavement. It will also be seen that the sides of the block are compressed and thererendered compact,whereby running together is prevented, the blocks are separated with certainty and the interstices arekept open.

At any time the blocks are readily accessible for removal, and likewise adapted to be replaced without interfering with or disturbing one another, and can be removed intact and again laid ithout-liability of fracture to such blocks as have not been removed. Provision is made for the lateral expansion of the blocks without crowding or forcing each other from their positions.

In case of frost the blocks adjacent to those reached by the frost will be upheaved, generally angularly, and thus affect the pavement for quite a space 5 but in our invention the loose filling will permit the escape of the frost through the interstices originally formed, and in cases where certain blocks would be raised by the frost immediately beneath them, owing to the blocks being separated and independent the neighboring or adjacent blocks will not be affected.

We are aware that it is not new to form a pavement by successively building each block and interposingplates between the blocks as the work progresses, whereby there is required a great number of such plates, and is occasioned the often manipulation or handling thereof in order to be properly arranged to act as molds for the blocks. Again each block requires leveling, since if the whole pavement was leveled the interstices would be closed and some or all of the blocks unite in drying. But in our invention the pavement is leveled at one operation, and the concrete or cement has sufficient time to set, and thus is uniform throughout. In this condition the workman uses the cleaver, a single one only being necessary, and the operation serves to compress the sides of the blocks and render the blocks compact at the sides, whereby said blocks are separated with certainty and without danger of closing the interstices by the further settling of the material of which the pavement is composed.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new, and desire to secure by Let ters Patent, is-- The within-described mode of laying arti ficial pavements, the same consisting in covering the entire space to be occupied by the pavement with a single solid mass of material in a soft state, then cutting said mass into blocks separate and distinct from each other, with interstices between them, as shown and set forth.

JOHN WM. KRAUSE. Witnesses:

J OHN A. WIEDERSHEIM, MILLARD F. WALTON.

H. WM. KRAUSE, JR. Witnesses:

JNO. W. HAMPTON, J 1 W. LARZEURE. 

